Excerpt from:  FAS Talk
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April 29, 2009

Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

Deepak's recent article in the Huffington Post makes it embarrassingly clear he has never really studied the theory of evolution at all.

I have been a big fan of the Huffington Post since it sprang onto the scene back in 2005.  But recently, I have noticed a disturbingly high number of seriously uninformed, pseudoscientific articles presented as legitimate science—anti-vaccination quackery, reality denyers, and Deepak Chopra's ramblings on intelligent design.

Deepak Chopra In his Intelligent Design Without the Bible, Deepak begins by establishing his credentials as an authority on the subject of intelligent design vs. evolution; namely, that he was asked to appear on CNN's Larry King Live Show.  He then goes on to explain that ID and evolution are not at odds with one another and suggests that even Einstein said as much by (incorrectly) invoking "a fascinating theory called the anthropic principle" (which, apparently, Deepak also does not understand, either—but I digress.)  Completely misusing the anthropic principle, Deepak trots out the tired and thoroughly debunked anti-evolution argument:

"To say the DNA happened randomly is like saying that a hurricane could blow through a junk yard and produce a jet plane."

Uh, no, its not at all like saying that.  It is like saying that because I can step up a 1/4 inch step, I can, eventually, walk up Mt. Rainier.  Nobody (who actually understands the theory of evolution) seriously suggests that a random event created an eye, a wing, a kidney, a brain, or a human all in one step!  Evolution is a slow, incremental process.  A process that slowly raises the complexity of systems through differential survival rates.  Evolution is a crane, not a skyhook.

Then Deepak raises a series of the twelve main issues to be considered by anyone "interested in placing the debate on a higher plane than us-versus-them" (ah, the old  12 steps formula).  As you might anticipate already, every single one of the twelve "issues" is presented as a question that further demonstrates Deepak's lack of study in this area.  Any student of evolution will easily see the fallacy in each question.

12 Steps to Misunderstanding Evolution

  1. How does nature take creative leaps?
    (It doesn't.  It takes billions of teeny tiny little steps; the ones in the direction of improved fitness are more likely to be reproduced.)
  2. If mutations are random, why does the fossil record demonstrate so many positive mutations -- those that lead to new species -- and so few negative ones?
    (A very low percentage of living animals are preserved as fossils.  Animals with negative mutations, by definition, were less likely to reproduce making them less likely to have an opportunity to be fossilized.)
  3. How does evolution know where to stop?
    (It does not.  It has no intention whatsoever.  Mutations are random.)
  4. How could one kind of cell take three different routes purely at random?
    (Random mutation creates changes in random directions.  There are (way) more than three possible directions.)
  5. If design doesn't imply intelligence, why are we so intelligent?
    (This is a non sequitur. If cheese is made from milk, why is GM losing money?)
  6. Why do forms replicate themselves without apparent need?
    (Because it is possible.  Why does a rolled die sometimes come up 2?)
  7. If the oxygen doesn't change physically -- and it doesn't -- what invisible change causes it to acquire intelligence the instant it contacts life?
    (It does not become intelligent.  It becomes engaged in a system that includes many physical parts interacting in complex ways.)
  8. How can whole systems appear all at once?
    (This is the tired old argument regarding holes in the fossil record.  Yes, there are gaps.  There will always be gaps.  Finding a new fossil to fill a gap actually creates two new, albeit smaller, gaps.  However, the fossil record is huge and has accurately predicted the existence of forms that were later discovered as fossils.)
  9. Darwin's iron law was that evolution is linked to survival, but it was long ago pointed out that "survival of the fittest" is a tautology.
    (Once understood, any invariably true statement becomes a tautology, by definition.  This is the very brilliance of Darwin's idea.  Yes, this is how evolution works.  Those forms that survive provide the raw materials from which incrementally different forms may descend.  This is true.)
  10. At the moment of stinging, a honeybee dies. In what way is this a survival mechanism, given that the bee doesn't survive at all?
    (This question misunderstands survival of a genotype vs. survival of a phenotype.  The genes that lead an individual honeybee to sting in a given situation are shared by vast numbers of individual bees.  Experience with bees' ability and propensity to sting leads other creatures—humans, dogs, monkeys, etc.—to be more respectful of bees.  The overall net effect is increased probability that the "stinging" gene will be reproduced, even if an occasional carrier of that gene dies.)
  11. How did symbiotic cooperation develop?
    (See The Extended Phenotype for a good discussion of this issue.)
  12. Finally, why are life forms beautiful?
    (Another non sequitur, but beauty really is in the eye of the beholder.  There is no universal, absolute definition of beauty.  Are all life forms beautiful?  Does every person agree that all life forms are beautiful?  This is an ill defined question.)

I am very, very curious to know what aspects of the theory of evolution Deepak has actually studied. How has he educated himself in this area?  Has he read any of Richard Dawkins' books on the subject?  Books like, The Selfish Gene, The Blind Watchmaker, The River Out of Eden, Climbing Mt. Improbable, or The Extended Phenotype?  Each of these is easily accessible to non-scientists, and this is just a few examples from a single author.  There are many, many more.  Any intelligent person that read and understood even one of these books, would not assemble such a list of twelve "issues."

No, Deepak Chopra does not understand the theory of evolution.

Comments
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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

You can understand only when you let go of intellectualization

When you explore the reality of yourself from the inside, wisdom will arise as to the bigger realities of the outside world. Deepak's speaks from his level of awareness, there is no right and wrong here. This is an issue of intellectual understanding versus a deeper wisdom into the laws of nature obtained by going deep inside oneself. As the Buddha said, the entire universe is inside you. Can you say you are aware of the reality of your own body and mind?

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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

self-inquiry is not specialized knowledge. chances are, you won't meditate your way to being able to perform brain surgery.

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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

Arianna and the Post went downhill when the money got in the way. But both she and Deepak are now on the same train and there's little money in Darwin or the evo bio set.  Survival of the fittest was coined by Herbert Spencer, a philosopher, not by Darwin.  I do miss your voice Andy.  Is that a robot?

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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

@Robert Mendez

There is still much I like about HuffPo, but it does get very frustrating seeing how much credibility HuffPo gives to new-age-pseudoscientific-woo.

Today, for example, I left a comment on Deepak's latest article defending Oprah against Newsweek's recent cover article about Oprah's views.  I openly called into question Deepak's arguments, pointing out that many were logical fallacies.  I also suggested that while I do not doubt Deepak and others believe what they are saying, believing something does not make it true.

I thought it was a fair comment; apparently the HuffPo moderator did not because it never saw the light of day.  There were plenty of other comments there critical of the article, so I'm not sure why mine was cut.  Maybe the moderator felt it was an ad hominem attack and thus violated thier comment policy (it wasn't, but I did point out flaws in Deepak's logic; I also suggested the ideas promoted by Jenny McCarthy could cause real harm to people, but that's not an ad hominem attack, is it?)

Meanwhile, HuffPo blogger, Kim Stagliano, writes a comment with the unfounded claim that "the finger points to vaccinations as a possible trigger for the autism epidemic." This comment is posted with special formatting that draw special attention to it--colored banner, inset author photo, link to author's bio.

On the topic of pseudoscientific woo, the HuffPo is clearly a tilted playing field.

(Oh, and to your question about the voice, yes, it is a Robot.  The audio is generated by the Odiogo web service.)

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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

The death of the newspaper has left a big opportunity for spots like Huffington Post to fill but I cannot imagine what their game plan is.  I lost faith when I saw the many shots of tabloid garbage they pursue.  Shopping for solid news online is a difficult chore these days.  I try to read the big names, NYT; Wash. Post; Detroit Free Press and more but they seem to miss the mark too.  I wonder if any online medium will capture the feeling and credibility of a major.

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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

<<Uh, no, its not at all like saying that.  It is like saying that because I can step up a 1/4 inch step, I can, eventually, walk up Mt. Rainier>>

This refutation does not address what Deepak said.  Deepak's analogy was regarding the original creation of DNA, coming together in the first life form.

Nevertheless, I could flip that analogy on you, and ask, does the fact that you can jump 12 inches off the ground, and with practice, improve your vertical leap by a few inches, prove that with enough practice, you could one day jump to the moon?  

You see, it's not a logical given that you can extrapolate a small scale observation.  There's a limit to every system.

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RE: Deepak Chopra Does Not Understand Evolution

@Aaron

Aaron, I have to disagree with both of your points.

First, Deepak is making the incorrect assumption that DNS popped into existence in a single chance event.  This is a straw man; evolutionary theory makes no such claim.

Second, your "flipped" analogy also make the incorrect assumption that individual organisms evolves through some sort of striving for betterment.  This is also a straw man (albeit one that was widely misunderstood 100+ years ago as "Lamarckian" inheritance).  Individual organisms do not evolve.

Your statement, "it's not a logical given that you can extrapolate a small scale observation. There's a limit to every system." quite misses the mark, too.  I am not extrapolating at all.  I am saying a) incremental improvements from one generation to the next are possible (as I imagine you would agree as there are myriad examples), and b) it is also possible for multiple incremental improvements to accumulate over multiple generations (as I also imagine you would agree).  And the word “possible” is very important in both cases.  Such improvements are not guaranteed, they are only possible.  But given lots and lots of time and lots and lots of trials, such accumulation of improvement, somewhere, becomes likely.

I stand by the claim that Deepak Chopra does not understand evolution.

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